Diosdado macapagal biography summary graphic organizer

Let us break the chain of poverty…". Macapagal became president on Nov. In his inaugural statement he declared: "I shall be president not only of the rich but more so of the poor. We must help bridge the wide gap between the poor man and the man of wealth, not by pulling down the rich to his level as Communism desires, but by raising the poor towards the more abundant life.

He canceled the inaugural ball and issued a decree forbidding any member of his family or of his wife's to participate in any business deals with the government. He dismissed corrupt officials and started court action against those who could not explain their sudden acquisition of wealth. He changed the date that Filipinos celebrate their independence to June 12 from July 4.

Macapagal aimed to restore morality to public life by concentrating on the elevation of the living standard of the masses. Addressing Congress inhe formulated the objectives of his socioeconomic programs as, first, the immediate restoration of economic stability; second, the alleviation of the common man's plight; and third, the establishment of a "dynamic basis for future growth.

He devalued the Philippine peso by setting its value according to the prevailing free market rate instead of by government direction. He lifted foreign exchange controls and reduced tariff rates on essential consumer goods. Seeking to remedy the problem of unemployment, he took steps to decentralize the economy and at the same time encourage commerce and industry in the provinces.

He also proposed decentralization in government by investing greater power in provincial and local governments as a step essential to the growth of democratic institutions. He also suggested the establishment of eight regional legislatures with power to levy taxes. To ameliorate the plight of the Filipino peasant in the face of vast population growth, Macapagal instituted a public land clearance program to make new farmlands available for immediate use.

The product of his concern for the impoverished majority was the Land Reform Code of Aug. The positive result obtained in demonstrated the value of the land reform program in materially improving the local living conditions of the rural poor. Macapagal's foreign policy displayed an eccentric course. On the one hand, he affirmed that he would never recognize Communist China despite what the United States or other nations might decide.

Diosdado Macapagal. Carlos Polistico Garcia. Bongbong Marcos. Rodrigo Duterte. Elpidio Quirino. Emilio Aguinaldo. Many of his reforms, however, were crippled by a Congress dominated by the rival Nacionalista Party. He is also known for shifting the country's observance of Independence Day from July 4 to June 12, commemorating the day President Emilio Aguinaldo unilaterally declared the independence of the First Philippine Republic from the Spanish Empire in He stood for re-election in and was defeated by Ferdinand Marcos.

Under Marcos, Macapagal was elected president of the constitutional convention that would later draft what became the Constitutionthough the manner in which the charter was ratified and modified led him to later question its legitimacy. He died of heart failure, pneumoniaand renal complications, inat the age of Macapagal was also a poet in the Spanish language, though his poetic oeuvre was eclipsed by his political biography.

He was the diosdado macapagal biography summary graphic organizer of five children in a poor family. Diosdado is a distant descendant of Don Juan Macapagala prince of Tondowho was a great-grandson of the last reigning lakan of Tondo, Lakan Dula. Diosdado's family earned extra income by raising pigs and accommodating boarders in their home.

Macapagal excelled in his studies at local public schools, graduating valedictorian from Lubao Elementary School, and salutatorian at Pampanga High School. Returning to Pampanga, he joined boyhood friend Rogelio de la Rosa in producing and starring in Tagalog operettas patterned after classic Spanish zarzuelas. Macapagal raised enough money to continue his studies at the University of Santo Tomas.

Maria, Lubao, Pampanga. After receiving his Bachelor of Laws degree inhe was admitted to the bartopping the bar examination with a score of His dissertation had "Imperatives of Economic Development in the Philippines" as its title. After passing the bar examination, Macapagal was invited to join an American law firm as a practicing attorney, a particular honor for a Filipino at the time.

Laurelwhile secretly aiding the anti-Japanese resistance during the Allied liberation country from the Japanese. After the war, Macapagal worked as an assistant attorney with one of the largest law firms in the country, Ross, Lawrence, Selph and Carrascoso. On the urging of local political leaders of Pampanga province, President Quirino recalled Macapagal from his position in Washington to run for a seat in the House of Representatives representing the 1st district of Pampanga.

At the start of the legislative session, the members of the House of Representatives elected Macapagal as chair of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and was given several foreign assignments. As a representative, Macapagal authored and sponsored several laws of socio-economic importance, particularly aimed at benefiting rural areas and the poor. Yuloa former speaker of the House of Representatives.

Laurel, Jr. A month after the election, he was chosen as the president of the Liberal Party. As the first ever Philippine vice president to be elected from a rival party of the president, Macapagal served out his four-year vice presidential term as a leader of the opposition. The ruling party refused to give him a Cabinet position in the Garcia administration, which was a break from tradition.

Assigned to performing only ceremonial duties as vice president, he spent his time making frequent trips to the countryside to acquaint himself with voters and to promote the image of the Liberal Party.

Diosdado macapagal biography summary graphic organizer: In July , a proposal

As president, Macapagal worked to suppress graft and corruption and to stimulate the Philippine economy. In the presidential electionMacapagal ran against Garcia's re-election bid, promising an end to corruption and appealing to the electorate as a common man from humble beginnings. The Bible that Macapagal used was later used by his daughter Gloria when she took her oath as Vice President in and as President in In his inaugural address, Macapagal promised a socio-economic program anchored on "a return to free and private enterprise", placing economic development in the hands of private entrepreneurs with minimal interference.

Twenty days after the inauguration, exchange controls were lifted and the Philippine peso was allowed to float on the free currency exchange market. The currency controls were initially adopted by the administration of Elpidio Quirino as a temporary measure, but continued to be adopted by succeeding administrations. To achieve the national goal of economic and social progress with prosperity reaching down to the masses, there existed a choice of methods.

First, there was the choice between the democratic and dictatorial systems, the latter prevailing in communist countries. On this, the choice was easy as Filipinos had long been committed to the democratic method. Macapagal stated the essence of free enterprise in layman parlance in declaring before Congress on January 22,that "the task of economic development belongs principally to private enterprise and not to the government.

InPresident Elpidio Quirino deviated from free enterprise launching as a temporary emergency measure the system of exchange and import controls. The controls system was carried on by President Magsaysay and Garcia. The first fundamental decision Macapagal had to make was whether to continue the system of exchange controls of Quirino, Magsaysay and Garcia or to return to the free enterprise of Quezon, Osmena and Roxas.

So on January 21,after working for 20 straight hours he signed a Central Bank decree abolishing exchange controls and returning the country to free enterprise. During the 20 days available to make a decision on choice between controls and free enterprise, between his inauguration as president and before the opening of CongressMacapagal's main adviser was Andres Castillo, governor of the Central Bank.

Further reform efforts by Macapagal were blocked by the Nacionalistas, who dominated the House of Representatives and the Senate at that time. Nonetheless, Macapagal was able to achieve steady economic progress, and annual GDP growth averaged at 5. The removal of controls and the restoration of free enterprise was intended to provide only the fundamental setting in which Macapagal could work out economic and social progress.

Such a program for his administration was formulated under his authority and direction by a group of able and reputable economic and business leaders the most active and effective of which was Sixto Roxas III. From an examination of the planned targets and requirements of the Five-Year program — formally known as the Five-Year Socio-Economic Integrated Development Program — it could be seen that it aimed at the following objectives.

Free enterprise was restored with decontrol. The Five-Year Economic Program had been prescribed. Land reform abolishing tenancy had been launched. These were essential foundations for economic and social progress for the greatest number. The essential foundations having been laid, attention must then be turned to the equally difficult task of building the main edifice by implementing the economic program.

Although the success of Macapagal's Socio-Economic Program in free enterprise inherently depended on the private sector, it would be helpful and necessary for the government to render active assistance in its implementation by the citizens. Such role of the government in free enterprisein the view of Macapagal, required it 1 to provide the social overhead like roads, airfields and ports that directly or proximately promote economic growth, 2 to adopt fiscal and monetary policies salutary to investments, and most importantly 3 to serve as an entrepreneur or promote of basic and key private industries, particularly those that require capital too large for businessmen to put up by themselves.

Among the enterprises he selected for active government promotion were integrated steelfertilizerpulpmeat canning and tourism. He savored calling himself the "Poor boy from Lubao". In comparison with the previous agrarian legislation, the law lowered the retention limit to 75 hectares, whether owned by individuals or corporations. It removed the term "contiguous" and established the leasehold system.

It also created an office that acquired and distributed farmlands and a financing institution for this purpose. It was viewed that the hectare retention limit was diosdado macapagal biography summary graphic organizer too high for the growing population density. Moreover, this law merely allowed the transfer of the landlordism from one area to another.

Within two years after the law was implemented, no [ 14 ] land was being purchased under its term and conditions caused by the peasants ' inability to purchase the land. Consequently, by the s, the farmers ended up tilling less land, with their share in the farm also being less. Indeed, during the administration of Macapagal, the productivity of the farmers further declined.

One of Macapagal's major campaign pledges had been to clean out the government corruption that had proliferated under former President Garcia. Diokno investigated Stonehill on charges of tax evasion, smuggling, misdeclaration of imports, and corruption of public officials. Macapagal, however, prevented Diokno from prosecuting Stonehill by deporting the American instead, then dismissing Diokno from the cabinet.

Diokno questioned Macapagal's actions, saying, "How can the government now prosecute the corrupted when it has allowed the corrupter to go? Macapagal appealed to nationalist sentiments by shifting the commemoration of Philippine independence day. On May 12,he signed a proclamation which declared Tuesday, June 12,as a special public holiday in commemoration of the declaration of independence from Spain on that date in So, to compete, I decided we needed a different holiday.

On September 12,during President Diosdado Macapagal's administration, the territory of eastern North Borneo now Sabahand the full sovereignty, [ 22 ] [ 23 ] title and dominion over the territory were ceded by heirs of the Sultanate of SuluSultan Muhammad Esmail E. Kiram I, to the Republic of the Philippines. The Philippines broke diplomatic relations with Malaysia after the federation had included Sabah in Maphilindo was described as a regional association that would approach issues of common concern in the spirit of consensus.

However, it was also perceived as a tactic on the parts of Jakarta and Manila to delay, or even prevent, the formation of the Federation of Malaysia. Manila had its own claim to Sabah formerly British North Borneo[ 2 ] and Jakarta protested the formation of Malaysia as a British imperialist plot. The plan failed when Sukarno adopted his plan of " konfrontasi " with Malaysia.

The Konfrontasi, or Confrontation basically aimed at preventing Malaysia from attaining independence. The party convinced President Sukarno that the formation of Malaysia is a form of neo-colonization and would affect tranquility in Indonesia. The subsequent development of ASEAN almost certainly excludes any possibility of the project ever being revived.

However this proposal was blocked by the opposition led by Senate President Ferdinand Marcos who deserted Macapagal's Liberal Party and defected to the Nacionalista Party.

Diosdado macapagal biography summary graphic organizer: Diosdado Macapagal was elected

The U. President Lyndon Johnson first publicly appealed for other countries to come to the aid of South Vietnam on April 23, —in what was called the "More Flags" program. One of the more exasperating aspects of the search…was the lassitude … In part In addition, Saigon appeared to believe that the program was a public relations campaign directed at the American people.

The senatorial election was held on November 12, Macapagal's Liberal Party LP won four out of the eight seats up for grabs during the election — thereby increasing the LP's Senate seats from eight to ten. Towards the end of his term, Macapagal decided to seek re-election to continue seeking reforms which he claimed were stifled by a "dominant and uncooperative opposition" in Congress.

Among the issues raised against the incumbent administration were graft and corruption, rise in consumer goods, and persisting peace and order issues. Macapagal announced his retirement from politics following his loss to Marcos. Inhe was elected president of the constitutional convention that drafted what became the Constitution. The manner in which the charter was ratified and later modified led him to later question its legitimacy.

Inhe formed the National Union for Liberation as a political party to oppose the Marcos regime. Following the restoration of democracy inMacapagal took on the role of elder statesman, and was a member of the Philippine Council of State. In his retirement, Macapagal devoted much of his time to reading and writing. Diosdado Macapagal died of heart failure, pneumonia and renal complications at the Makati Medical Center on April 21, He was accorded a state funeral and was interred at the Libingan ng mga Bayani on April 27, InMacapagal married Purita de la Rosa.

Purita died in On May 5,Macapagal married Dr. Evangelina Macaraegwith whom he had two children, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo who would later become president of the Philippines and Diosdado Macapagal, Jr. President Benigno S. Aquino III declared September 28,as a special non-working holiday in Macapagal's home province of Pampanga to commemorate the centennial of his birth.

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Diosdado macapagal biography summary graphic organizer: Diosdado Macapagal was the fifth president

Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikisource Wikidata item. President of the Philippines from to This article is about the former president of the Philippines. For his grandson and former member of Congress, see Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo. In this Philippine namethe middle name or maternal family name is Pangan and the surname or paternal family name is Macapagal.

Purita de la Rosa.