Bacharuddin jusuf habibie biography of abraham

The military, involved in government at every level, was deeply divided. Never modest, Habibie told Time: "There are two ways of making history: from within the elite-or from the outside. Being inside doesn't mean you're a puppet. As Habibie maintained a grip on power, the economic decline of his country worsened, with one-fifth of the work force unemployed by the end of Unrest continued, and there bacharuddin jusuf habibie biography of abraham reports of the torture of dissidents by the military and new assaults on rebel sympathizers in East Timor.

During renewed demonstrations by student protesters against the government in November16 people died. Habibie enraged students by arresting a small group of dissidents and blaming them for provoking soldiers. Protesters demanded that Habibie step down. The armed forces insisted only rubber bullets and blanks had been used against protesters, but it was discovered that at least one student had been killed by live ammunition, a "dum-dum" bullet outlawed under the Geneva Convention's international rules of warfare.

The military then tried to appease the protesters by announcing prosecutions of soldiers and police. Habibie tried to downplay the conflict. Renewed hostilities by Islamic militants against Indonesia's ethnic Chinese Christian minority raised questions about Habibie's goals. His religious supporters dreamed of him instituting a fundamentalist Muslim state.

But Habibie told Newsweek: "The burning of churches and mosques is a criminal act we all condemn. But it's not that easy. I only hate criminals. Against all odds, Habibie retained power. He vowed to continue investigating Suharto and his dealings. He also promised to hold parliamentary and presidential elections in the spring and summer of A popular Indonesian magazine, Tempo, showed only seven percent of those polled would vote for Habibie.

Displaying for the world his high self-regard, Habibie opened his own web site on the Internetincluding an extensive list of awards and personal achievements. In a fawning account posted on the web site, B. Habibie: His Life and Career, biographer A. Makmur Makka wrote: "He is the idol and the dream of all parents, who wish their offspring to become another Habibie.

Habibie seemed to possess supernatural power, which made him succeed in everything he did. Makka, A. Makmur, B. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 8, Retrieved January 08, from Encyclopedia. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.

History Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie. Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie gale. Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. In September at least many hundreds of persons were killed in a wave of violence and destruction after the announcement of the proindependence vote. Priests and displaced persons were massacred at a church in Suai.

There was evidence that many key militia members were, in fact, TNI intelligence personnel. There were numerous reports of disappearances in East Timor and from refugee camps in West Timor following the flight of overEast Timorese civilians in September In Aceh the military forces and national police committed numerous extrajudicial killings and used excessive force to quell separatist movements.

Military forces sometimes resorted to force in order to disrupt peaceful demonstrations. TNI personnel often responded with indiscriminate violence after physical attacks on soldiers. There continued to be credible reports of the disappearance of dozens of civilians, many of whom are believed to have been associated with separatist activities.

Security forces also were responsible for numerous instances of indiscriminate shooting of civilians, torture, rape, beatings and other abuse, and arbitrary detention in Jakarta, Irian Jaya, Maluku, and elsewhere in the country. Rapes by security forces continued to be a widespread problem throughout many of these areas, and security forces systematically employed arbitrary arrest and detention without trial in Aceh.

It raised concerns about the veracity of the investigation by suggesting that the interrogation of Suharto was intended only for public appearances. Under Habibie, the Indonesian government also began investigating and prosecuting Suharto's youngest son, Hutomo Mandala Putra commonly known as Tommy Suharto. Ghalib charged Tommy in December in conjunction with the Goro scandal, where the government, under pressure from Tommy, allegedly gave him a desirable parcel and below-market loan for the construction of a Goro supermarket.

However, Tommy was found innocent in the case after several key witnesses, including Habibie aide Rahardi Ramelan, changed their testimony and declared that the deal did not cause losses to the state. Habibie's government stabilized the economy in the face of the Asian financial crisis and the chaos of the last few months of Suharto's presidency.

In SeptemberHabibie issued a 'Presidential Instruction' forbidding use of the terms pribumi and non-pribumi to differentiate indigenous and non-indigenous Indonesians.

Bacharuddin jusuf habibie biography of abraham: Habibie vowed to build a clean

Additionally, he lifted restrictions on the teaching of Mandarin Chinese. Under Habibie, Indonesia made significant changes to its political system that expanded competition and freedom of speech. Shortly after taking office, in JuneHabibie's government lifted the Suharto-era restriction on political parties and ended censorship by dissolving the Information Ministry.

He also quickly committed to holding democratic elections, albeit on an initially vague timetable. In December, he proposed political reform laws that were passed by the legislature and MPR. These laws set elections for Decemberreduced the number of seats in parliament held by the military, and barred political activity by civil servants. However, political opponents criticized Habibie for allowing the military to retain some seats in parliament, and taking little action on other military and judicial reforms.

Habibie's government also passed laws which granted significant autonomy to regional governments, namely at the regency and city level. The laws resulted in indirect elections for mayors and regents, and allowed local legislatures to hold said executives accountable, though it was not implemented until after his presidency. Although he had been viewed as leading a transitional government, Habibie seemed determined to continue as president.

He was initially unclear about whether he would seek a full term as president when he announced parliamentary elections in June MPR members then began voting to decide if they would accept or reject his speech. Habibie attempted to win the support of the military by offering the vice presidency to General Wiranto, but his offer was declined.

After relinquishing the presidency, Habibie spent more time in Germany than in Indonesia, though he was active during Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 's presidency as a presidential adviser. During this time, he established the Habibie Centre, an independent think tank. The book recalled the events of Maywhich led to his rise to the presidency. In early Septemberhe was admitted to Gatot Soebroto Army Hospitalwhere he was undergoing treatments for heart problems, [ 58 ] [ 59 ] namely cardiomyopathy[ 60 ] and died on 11 September In response to his death, the Government of Indonesia announced a three-day national mourning period starting on 12 September, and announced that the Indonesian flag is to be flown at half-staff during the period.

Malaysian prime minister Mahathir Mohamad was saddened by the loss of his old friend, Habibie. Habibie was married to Hasri Ainun Besaria medical doctorfrom 12 May until her death on 22 May Their wedding was held according to Javanese and Gorontalese culture. The book was adapted into a film of the same name which was released on 20 December Habibie received several honorary degrees for his contributions in the fields of technology and science, e.

As vice president, and later president of Indonesia, he was automatically bestowed the highest class of all civilian and military Star Decorations from Indonesianamely: [ 79 ] [ 80 ]. In addition, he also received several foreign decorations: Austria :. Belgium :. Brazil :. Chile :. France :. Germany :. Italy :. Japan :. Jordan :. Netherlands :.

Spain :. There is several places, especially in Sulawesi where he came from, that bear his name. Habibie Stadium inshortly after his death. Habibie Floating Mosque in Parepare was opened to the public. In Gorontalo Regencythere is a monument of Habibie located nearby Jalaluddin Airport built by Gorontalo provincial government. Habibie Bridge shortly after Habibie died.

Bacharuddin jusuf habibie biography of abraham: Born June 25, ,

Habibie has been portrayed in several biopic movies based on both his political and personal life. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history.

Bacharuddin jusuf habibie biography of abraham: Bj Habibi's full name is

Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. President of Indonesia from to For the surname, see Habibie surname. Hasri Ainun Besari. Early life and family [ edit ]. Education [ edit ]. Engineering career [ edit ]. Political career [ edit ]. Cabinet minister — [ edit ]. Vice presidency [ edit ].

Presidency — [ edit ]. See also:. Indonesia Department of State Background. Trending Here are the facts and trivia that people are buzzing about. Jewish Holidays, A.